This report was published as part of the JustReno project, which strengthens the capacity of policymakers and municipalities in Hungary, Poland, and Romania to implement EU building renovation policies. It helps to identify worst-performing buildings, supports financial planning for energy renovations, and promotes cooperation between local and national governance levels. Find out more about JustReno.

This report provides a detailed overview of the current state of Romania’s building stock, analysing its energy performance, data availability and governance, as well as the legal and institutional context for implementing the revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). It identifies the key steps needed for Romania to align its housing policies with the EU’s decarbonisation and energy efficiency targets.

The report compiles and analyses data to offer a clear picture of Romania’s residential stock, from building typologies and urban–rural distribution to energy characteristics and socio-economic conditions influencing renovation potential. It highlights persistent gaps in data quality, coverage and coordination, as well as the limited integration between housing, energy and social policies. These weaknesses constrain the effective targeting of vulnerable consumers and delay the implementation of deep renovation measures.

At the policy level, Romania faces challenges in harmonising national legislation with the revised EPBD, particularly in defining and addressing energy poverty, supporting vulnerable consumers, and accelerating the shift away from low-efficiency, high-emission buildings.

To guide progress towards an equitable and efficient transition, the report outlines key priorities:

• Improve the collection, management and interoperability of national building data.
• Improve digitalisation in the institutional realm and centralise information relating to buildings.
• Update and align legislative frameworks to meet EPBD requirements, strengthening tools and institutions responsible for transposing, implementing and monitoring progress on the EPBD.
• Centralise and harmonise funding programmes for investments in the buildings sector.

With stronger data, governance and legislative alignment, Romania can transform its building stock into a cornerstone of a fair, inclusive and climate-resilient future.

_{This project is part of the European Climate Initiative (EUKI) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Climate Action, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMUKN).}